在一些窗口运用中难免会遇到需要集成一个自定义的浏览器来实现原有应用的一些功能，比如预览功能。之所以在浏览器中进行一些预览显示是因为当前的web框架技术十分成熟，并且许多javascript库还能够作出一些炫酷的2D或者3D效果，这篇文章主要是对最近在实验室做的浏览器集成相关工作的一个总结，主要包括的是Java-cef框架的编译、以及使用还有一些踩过的坑。

节点预览图

前言

如果正好有这样的需求，那么CEF框架就有了用武之地，该框架其实早已被大量使用了。CEF全称为Chromium Embedded Framework，关于它的介绍可以直接去它的官网查看，这里仅引用维基百科上的第一段话：

The Chromium Embedded Framework (CEF) is an open source framework for embedding a web browser engine based on the Chromium core. It allows developers to add web browser control and implement an HTML5-based layout GUI in a desktop application or to provide web browser capabilities to a software application or game, and provides the infrastructure for developers to add HTML rendering and JavaScript to a C++ project. It also comes with bindings for C, C++, Delphi, Go, Java, .NET / Mono, Visual Basic 6.0, and Python and runs on Linux, Mac OS X and Windows.

而java-cef（简称jcef）则是在CEF基础上为Java程序员和Java应用提供一样嵌入式浏览器的框架。在它的官网上也有相关介绍：

The Java Chromium Embedded Framework (JCEF) is a simple framework for embedding Chromium-based browsers in other applications using the Java programming language.

其本质和CEF一样，只不过已经用Java实现了相关接口，这样java程序员就可以直接使用jcef而就能够实现一些窗口应用下浏览器的集成。

在Windows 10上编译Java-cef

废话不多说，下面直接介绍如何在win10上编译jcef的Release版本。

准备工作

现在无论是Windows、Mac OS 还是Linux 都支持编译JCEF的源代码，这篇文章主要是讲在Windows下的编译。在编译之前需要有以下一个工具：

  • CMake version 2.8.12.2 or newer
  • Git
  • Java version 1.7 or 1.8
  • Python version 2.6 or newer in the 2.x series
  • Visual Studio 2013
  • vpn代理

工具准备好之后就可以使用Git来下载JCEF的源码，例如下载到D盘下新建的java-cef下：

Alvin Is@DESKTOP-6T33RRO MINGW64 /d
$ cd java-cef
$ git clone https://bitbucket.org/chromiumembedded/java-cef.git src

Alvin Is@DESKTOP-6T33RRO MINGW64 /d/java-cef (master)
$ git clone https://bitbucket.org/chromiumembedded/java-cef.git src
Cloning into 'src'...
remote: Counting objects: 3550, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (1604/1604), done.
remote: Total 3550 (delta 2341), reused 2591 (delta 1682)
Receiving objects: 100% (3550/3550), 27.47 MiB | 908.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2341/2341), done.

这样在src下就是java-cef的源代码了。

开始Build

下载之后就需要开始build了，在src目录下创建jcef_build并进入该目录，

$ cd src

$ Alvin Is@DESKTOP-6T33RRO MINGW64 /d/java-cef/src (master)
$ mkdir jcef_build && cd jcef_build

接下来就要生成64位VS2013项目文件，你会看到控制台正在下载：

Alvin Is@DESKTOP-6T33RRO MINGW64 /d/java-cef/src/jcef_build (master)
$ cmake -G "Visual Studio 12 Win64" ..
-- The C compiler identification is MSVC 18.0.40629.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 18.0.40629.0
-- Check for working C compiler: D:/Applications/VS2013/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe
-- Check for working C compiler: D:/Applications/VS2013/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: D:/Applications/VS2013/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe
-- Check for working CXX compiler: D:/Applications/VS2013/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Downloading D:/java-cef/src/third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64.tar.bz2.sha1...
-- Downloading D:/java-cef/src/third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64.tar.bz2...
-- [download 0% complete]
-- [download 1% complete]
...
-- [download 100% complete]

但是，有可能会遇到如下的错误：

-- Extracting D:/java-cef/src/third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64.tar.bz2...
CMake Error: Problem with archive_read_next_header(): Truncated input file (needed 90666496 bytes, only 0 available)
CMake Error: Problem extracting tar: D:/java-cef/src/third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64.tar.bz2
CMake Warning at third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64/cmake/cef_variables.cmake:344 (message):
  CEF sandbox is not compatible with the current MSVC version (1800)
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64/cmake/FindCEF.cmake:38 (include)
  CMakeLists.txt:153 (find_package)


-- Found PythonInterp: C:/Python26/python.exe (found version "2.6.6")
-- Found JNI: C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_151/lib/jawt.lib (Required is at least version "1.7")
-- Generating native/jcef_version.h file...
File native/jcef_version.h is already up to date.
-- Downloading clang-format from Google Storage...
0> Failed to fetch file gs://chromium-clang-format/6ddedd571c56b8c184f30a3c1fc36984e8c10ccd for tools/buildtools/win/clang-format.exe, skipping. [Err: Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "D:\java-cef\src\tools\buildtools\gsutil.py", line 160, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())

当从Google云存储下载时会报错，不用担心，这是由于D:\java-cef\src\tools\buildtools\download_from_google_storage下会利用到链接gs://来下载，但控制台下貌似无法获取到，因此可以用浏览器打开，将gs://替换为https://storage.googleapis.com/，然后在地址栏下输入完整的地址https://storage.googleapis.com/chromium-clang-format/6ddedd571c56b8c184f30a3c1fc36984e8c10ccd将文件下载到D:\java-cef\src\tools\buildtools\win目录中，并将其改名为clang-format.exe，这是再继续执行cmake -G "Visual Studio 12 Win64" ..就会发现已build完成。

Alvin Is@DESKTOP-6T33RRO MINGW64 /d/java-cef/src/jcef_build (master)
$ cmake -G "Visual Studio 12 Win64" ..
CMake Warning at third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64/cmake/cef_variables.cmake:344 (messa     ge):
  CEF sandbox is not compatible with the current MSVC version (1800)
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows64/cmake/FindCEF.cmake:38 (include)
  CMakeLists.txt:153 (find_package)


-- Generating native/jcef_version.h file...
File native/jcef_version.h is already up to date.
-- Downloading clang-format from Google Storage...
0> File tools/buildtools/win/clang-format.exe exists and SHA1 matches. Skipping.
Success!
Downloading 1 files took 0.008000 second(s)
-- *** CEF CONFIGURATION SETTINGS ***
-- Generator:                    Visual Studio 12 2013 Win64
-- Platform:                     Windows
-- Project architecture:         x86_64
-- Binary distribution root:     D:/java-cef/src/third_party/cef/cef_binary_3.3239.1716.g735b746_windows6     4
-- CEF Windows sandbox:          OFF
-- Visual Studio ATL support:    ON
-- Standard libraries:           comctl32.lib;rpcrt4.lib;shlwapi.lib;ws2_32.lib
-- Compile defines:              __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS;__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS;WIN32;_WIN32;_WINDOWS;UNICODE;_UNI     CODE;WINVER=0x0601;_WIN32_WINNT=0x601;NOMINMAX;WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN;_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0;CEF_USE_ATL
-- Compile defines (Debug):
-- Compile defines (Release):    NDEBUG;_NDEBUG
-- C compile flags:              /MP;/Gy;/GR-;/W4;/WX;/wd4100;/wd4127;/wd4244;/wd4481;/wd4512;/wd4701;/wd4702;/     wd4996;/Zi
-- C compile flags (Debug):      /MTd;/RTC1;/Od
-- C compile flags (Release):    /MT;/O2;/Ob2;/GF
-- C++ compile flags:            /MP;/Gy;/GR-;/W4;/WX;/wd4100;/wd4127;/wd4244;/wd4481;/wd4512;/wd4701;/wd4702;/     wd4996;/Zi
-- C++ compile flags (Debug):    /MTd;/RTC1;/Od
-- C++ compile flags (Release):  /MT;/O2;/Ob2;/GF
-- Exe link flags:                /MANIFEST:NO;/LARGEADDRESSAWARE
-- Exe link flags (Debug):       /DEBUG
-- Exe link flags (Release):
-- Shared link flags:
-- Shared link flags (Debug):    /DEBUG
-- Shared link flags (Release):
-- CEF Binary files:             chrome_elf.dll;d3dcompiler_43.dll;d3dcompiler_47.dll;libcef.dll;libEGL.dll;lib     GLESv2.dll;natives_blob.bin;snapshot_blob.bin;v8_context_snapshot.bin;swiftshader
-- CEF Resource files:           cef.pak;cef_100_percent.pak;cef_200_percent.pak;cef_extensions.pak;devtools_re     sources.pak;icudtl.dat;locales
-- *** JCEF CONFIGURATION SETTINGS ***
-- Python executable:            C:/Python26/python.exe
-- Java directory:               C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_151
-- JNI libraries:                C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_151/lib/jawt.lib;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0     _151/lib/jvm.lib
-- JNI include directories:      C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_151/include;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_151/     include/win32;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_151/include
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: D:/java-cef/src/jcef_build

在VS2013下发布Release版本

用VS2013打开src/jcef_build/jcef.sln，然后点击菜单Build下的Configuration Manager修改为Release，然后右击解决方案，选择Build Solution。Build期间可能会出现一些错误，可能是缺少一些依赖，如果遇到这些，可以逐个google排查。

release

最后就能够得到完整的Release版本，如果不想自己编译的，可以下载我编译好的版本。

build

使用Java-cef

  • 将下载文件中的Release拷贝到某个路径下，例如D://Release；
  • 下载一些动态链接库文件（如果自己编译了jcef可不用下载）；
  • 然后将src下的java目录下的文件拷贝到项目中；
  • 添加环境变量，将D://Release加入到系统的PATH变量中，并重启Eclipse；
  • 运行MainFrame.java就能得到一个弹窗浏览器。

提示： 若遇到缺少动态链接库，则需要将上面下载的动态链接库文件拷贝到对应的文件中。

浏览器效果图

在Eclipse RCP上嵌入浏览器

那么这样的话，就很容易在一些桌面应用中嵌入一些web前端框架，从而得到一些渲染效果非常棒的框架，从而达到一些模拟、预览等效果。

节点预览图

参考